El reciclaje sigue siendo uno de los principales retos de la sociedad española en la actualidad. A pesar de los avances recientes, España aún tiene margen de mejora en este aspecto, que sigue siendo una preocupación constante para muchas personas.
En términos porcentuales, España recicla un 76% de los residuos de envases que genera, superando el promedio de la Unión Europea, que se sitúa en un 55%. Sin embargo, este dato puede resultar engañoso, ya que aunque los resultados de reciclaje de residuos depositados en contenedores amarillos y azules son positivos, distan mucho de la realidad que se aprecia en otros tipos de residuos urbanos.
En Madrid se encuentra la planta de Colmenar Viejo, dedicada al tratamiento de los envases depositados en el contenedor amarillo. Un equipo de 20 personas trabaja en esta planta, que recibe un total de 12.500 toneladas de residuos al año. Estas instalaciones reciben todos los residuos depositados en los contenedores amarillos.
El proceso de reciclaje de envases es bastante simple: una vez que los camiones ingresan a las instalaciones, los materiales se compactan en balas, que son grandes agrupaciones compactas de aproximadamente 200 kilos cada una. Posteriormente, estas balas separadas se envían a distintos recicladores.
El proceso completo de reciclaje lleva alrededor de una semana. Comienza con el pesaje del contenido de los camiones, que pueden transportar hasta 3.000 kilos cada uno. Este paso garantiza que no se pierdan residuos en el camino y que todos pasen por el proceso de reciclado.
El primer objetivo es evitar pérdidas durante el proceso, lo cual hace que la selección manual de los residuos sea crucial para evitar la contaminación con otros materiales no deseados.
En una planta de como la de Madrid, se gestionan residuos plásticos provenientes de 72 municipios. El incremento en la concienciación social ha impulsado el trabajo en las plantas de reciclaje, beneficiando al medio ambiente, a los trabajadores y al empleo en este sector.
El procedimiento comienza en la “playa de descarga“, donde los residuos, tras ser pesados, son depositados. Las excavadoras trabajan en esta área para retirar los residuos no deseados, tanto por razones medioambientales como para evitar obstrucciones en las máquinas siguientes, en un proceso conocido como “limpieza del residuo“.
La siguiente etapa es la separación, crucial debido a los diferentes tratamientos requeridos por cada tipo de plástico. Un alimentador inicia este proceso, utilizando cintas transportadoras para llevar los elementos a los contenedores, donde interviene el trabajo humano.
La fase final incluye el “triaje manual“, donde los trabajadores eliminan los elementos pequeños no detectados por la maquinaria y que podrían provenir de otros materiales. Una vez que los materiales pasan esta etapa, se separan nuevamente por tamaño, eliminando residuos orgánicos para su posterior traslado a vertederos.
Los objetos de gran tamaño se separan y se recuperan mediante un proceso que involucra una máquina similar a una lavadora gigante, utilizando imanes para separar latas. Al final del proceso, los materiales quedan diferenciados según su composición (plásticos, multiproducto, aluminio y hierro).
Todo el proceso de reciclaje persigue un objetivo esencial, la de «dar una segunda vida» a los residuos. Gracias al avance que se ha producido en la sociedad mediante la concienciación del problema, el reciclaje es muy positivo.
Green Global Polymers SL
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To fulfill this, we aim to adhere as strictly as possible to the World Wide Web Consortium’s (W3C) Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.1 (WCAG 2.1) at the AA level. These guidelines explain how to make web content accessible to people with a wide array of disabilities. Complying with those guidelines helps us ensure that the website is accessible to all people: blind people, people with motor impairments, visual impairment, cognitive disabilities, and more.
This website utilizes various technologies that are meant to make it as accessible as possible at all times. We utilize an accessibility interface that allows persons with specific disabilities to adjust the website’s UI (user interface) and design it to their personal needs.
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Our website implements the ARIA attributes (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) technique, alongside various different behavioral changes, to ensure blind users visiting with screen-readers are able to read, comprehend, and enjoy the website’s functions. As soon as a user with a screen-reader enters your site, they immediately receive a prompt to enter the Screen-Reader Profile so they can browse and operate your site effectively. Here’s how our website covers some of the most important screen-reader requirements, alongside console screenshots of code examples:
Screen-reader optimization: we run a background process that learns the website’s components from top to bottom, to ensure ongoing compliance even when updating the website. In this process, we provide screen-readers with meaningful data using the ARIA set of attributes. For example, we provide accurate form labels; descriptions for actionable icons (social media icons, search icons, cart icons, etc.); validation guidance for form inputs; element roles such as buttons, menus, modal dialogues (popups), and others. Additionally, the background process scans all the website’s images and provides an accurate and meaningful image-object-recognition-based description as an ALT (alternate text) tag for images that are not described. It will also extract texts that are embedded within the image, using an OCR (optical character recognition) technology. To turn on screen-reader adjustments at any time, users need only to press the Alt+1 keyboard combination. Screen-reader users also get automatic announcements to turn the Screen-reader mode on as soon as they enter the website.
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Despite our very best efforts to allow anybody to adjust the website to their needs. There may still be pages or sections that are not fully accessible, are in the process of becoming accessible, or are lacking an adequate technological solution to make them accessible. Still, we are continually improving our accessibility, adding, updating and improving its options and features, and developing and adopting new technologies. All this is meant to reach the optimal level of accessibility, following technological advancements. For any assistance, please reach out to